Once upon a time, back in 2005, I found myself engrossed in a captivating conversation with an advertising guru. We were brainstorming about the branding design for a marketing company. Amidst our discussion, he introduced me to a new term – “Corporate Identity Design” or CID. This term sparked my interest and led me on a quest to understand it better. Little did I know that the concept of sustainable branding, which would later become a cornerstone of responsible business practices, was still in its infancy. The 5C principles of sustainable branding were yet to be formalized. Back then, there was no unified framework among brands to guide their sustainability efforts.

A chance meeting with my former Visual Communication professor, a Ph.D. holder from Wuppertal University in Germany, provided me with the answers I was seeking. I shared my recent encounter and the concept of CID with him. After smiling at me he explained that CID was not academically significant in the world of branding. He emphasized that a brand is more than just a visual identity; it’s a corporate identity, a much broader concept.

He further explained that corporate design is just one facet of corporate identity, which also includes corporate communication and corporate behavior. This revelation was enlightening. It made me realize why, back in 2005, the industry was primarily focused on visual branding, often overlooking other crucial components.

CID seemed to be a buzzword in our local market, confined to that specific context. However, over time, it appears to have faded away, replaced by the more comprehensive concept of branding design. I hope that my friend, after years of working in marketing, now has a deeper understanding of the true essence of branding, which extends beyond just visual identity.

5C All-Stars: Sustainable Superheroes Assemble!

Fast forward to the present day, the concept of sustainable branding has emerged, bringing along with it the elusive 5C principles. This term is widely discussed among bloggers, websites, brand managers, designers, businessmen, and even industrial designers. However, it seems to have a different meaning for everyone. (Examples: Designshifu, Clickable Agency, kunocreative, and Csrwire to name a few). Even AI-based search engines yield varying results, indicating that sustainable branding and the 5C principles lack a definitive academic definition.

The 5 Cs can be quite the chameleons, adapting to different contexts and interpretations. Just look at these combos—each with its unique flavor: 

• Purpose-driven Mission & Values, Environmental Responsibility, Social Impact, Transparent & Ethical Practices, Innovation & Continuous Improvement.
• Or how about this tasty mix:  Purpose-driven Branding, Circular Economy, Ethical Sourcing, Transparency, and Community Engagement. 
• Some prefer their 5 Cs with a side of the conversation:  Carbon, Circular, Culture, Community, and Conversation.
• While others savor a more collaborative feast: Conservation, Consumption, Community, Culture, and Collaboration. 
• And let’s not forget the innovative integration crew: Integration, Co-ownership, Triple Value Proposition, Inside-Out, and Empowering,

The varying definitions of the 5C principles remind me of the story I shared earlier about the marketing expert who equated CI with CID. Just like how CID was a market-made term back then, the 5C principles seem to be a market-made concept now. As product designers, engineers, or brand designers, we have certain relationships with marketers, but we are not designing a marketing plan or concept. We are creating the identity of the business!

This ring’s on fire! 4 Corners, 1 Winner: May the Sustaining Force Be With You

The reason for the varying definitions of the 5C principles is that there are different approaches to principling sustainable branding. This leads us to question if there are well-established principles for sustainable branding that everyone can agree upon.

In my opinion, we might one day find a unified set of principles, but for now, we need to identify the five principles most relevant to sustainable branding. After all, a sustainable brand is a brand. It has visuals that communicate visually in the economy, it has a voice, and it has behavior. It should be seen and act as a sustainable brand. Therefore, the principle of something of this nature is sustainability development, which as we described in an earlier article, is about society, environment, and economy.

5C Simplified: It’s Not Rocket Science, Folks!

Is it safe to align each principle found or suggested to Society, Environment, and Economy? I believe yes, it is a very safe entry. Define your brand principle based on these three dimensions.

As for me, I will gather here what seems to be related to each dimension. Please excuse me if some of them are repeated here or there, but it’s because some dimensions may share one principle.

• For example, for society, the principles could be social impact, transparent and ethical practices, community engagement, Culture, Community, and Conversation.
• Economic principles could revolve around environmental responsibility, innovation, continuous improvement, circular economy (or Circular?), and ethical sourcing.
• When it comes to environmental principles, consider Carbon, purpose-driven mission and values, ethical sourcing, and Integration.
• I also think some principles are related to any brand like Integration, co-ownership, triple value proposition, inside-out, and empowering.

If I were designing a brand, I would define one to two principles based on each of the three dimensions, and then add one or two that differentiate my brand from others. This means that a non-sustainable brand, which has its principles, can transform into a sustainable brand if we add at least three principles based on the basic dimensions.

While my upcoming articles will critique Coca-Cola as a brand because I personally believe Coca-Cola needs to change to be a healthy beverage and a fully sustainable brand, it’s still the highest scorer in many ways when it comes to sustainable branding. Therefore, I would still consider it as a case study here, and apply what I explained above. Let’s try to guess Coca-Cola’s sustainable brand principles:

The Coca-Cola Way: 5C’s Just the Beginning, Baby!

Let’s break down how the Coca-Cola brand aligns with sustainable branding principles based on the three dimensions: Society, Environment, and Economy.

1. Society:
   • Social Impact: Coca-Cola has a significant global presence and impact on communities. Its social initiatives include water stewardship, education, and disaster relief efforts.
   • Transparent and Ethical Practices: The brand strives for transparency in its supply chain, labor practices, and community engagement.
   • Community Engagement: Coca-Cola actively engages with local communities through sponsorships, events, and partnerships.
   • Culture, Community, and Conversation: The brand fosters a sense of community and shared experiences through its marketing campaigns and iconic imagery.
2. Environment:
   • Carbon: Coca-Cola has committed to reducing its carbon footprint by improving energy efficiency, using renewable energy, and minimizing emissions.
   • Purpose-Driven Mission and Values: The brand’s mission emphasizes refreshing the world, inspiring moments of happiness, and creating value while minimizing environmental impact.
   • Ethical Sourcing: Coca-Cola focuses on sustainable sourcing of ingredients, packaging materials, and water resources.
   • Integration: Sustainability is integrated into its business practices, from recycling programs to water replenishment initiatives.
3. Economy:
   • Environmental Responsibility: Coca-Cola invests in sustainable packaging, waste reduction, and resource conservation.
   • Innovation and Continuous Improvement: The brand continually seeks innovative solutions to reduce its environmental impact.
   • Circular Economy: Coca-Cola aims to create a circular economy by recycling materials and promoting closed-loop systems.
   • Empowering: The brand empowers employees, partners, and consumers to contribute to sustainability efforts.

5C Soul-Searching: We Want the Juicy Deets!

In summary, Coca-Cola’s sustainable branding principles align well with the 5C framework. As we’ve explored, the concept of branding has grown beyond mere visual identity to encompass a broader range of principles and practices. The 5C principles, though ambiguous, hold promise for guiding brands towards a more sustainable future. By aligning our branding efforts with the three dimensions of society, environment, and economy, we can create a more holistic approach to sustainable branding. As we’ve seen with Coca-Cola, even the largest of brands can make significant strides towards sustainability. The question now is, what are your brand’s sustainable 5 main principles?

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